China3D printingNet July 22nd, you may want to know the space3D printingWhat is the meaning of? After all, isn’t this a simple matter for us to use Douyin, but to spend other more valuable time on experiments related to distant galaxies? Although NASA does focus on space research and upcoming travel (travels such as Mars), the actual purpose of the International Space Station (ISS) is to use the weightless environment for scientific research. As scientists further immerse themselves in tissue engineering and experimenting with methods of maintaining cells, zero gravity provides an ideal environment for learning more and perfecting bioprinting.
Now, Russian astronaut Oleg Kononenko has bioprinted cartilage on the International Space Station, providing space travelers with vital value because the technology can be used to treat interstellar damage Provide the ultimate first aid method.
Oleg Kononenko used a new “scaffold-free” tissue engineering method developed by Moscow company 3D Bioprinting Solutions, which uses a magnetic field.
This method, called “suspended biological assembly”, may also pave the way for the development of space regenerative medicine, which can be used for long-distance space travel, because astronauts and astronauts may have to leave the earth for months or years . They used a customized biological assembler.
In order to avoid the typical challenges encountered when creating a scaffold, Kononenko relies on the action of a magnetic field to achieve cell self-assembly under microgravity. Not only is this method generally encouraging in the field of tissue engineering, but the assembly of suspended organisms also offers great potential for space regenerative medicine, which may be necessary if a space traveler is injured and does not return to Earth for a long time.
Put the tissue cells in a temperature-controlled chamber to release the cartilage cells, then put the cuvette into the magnetic bio-assembler to start building the tissue, as shown in this image
Since experiments on the effects of microgravity on human cartilage can be very expensive, only two studies have been conducted before-successfully growing cells on structures such as scaffolds. In the study outlined in the recently published “Magnetic Levitation Biological Assembly of 3D Tissue Structures in Space”, Russian researchers realized the potential problems of using magnetic levitation biological assembly-mainly focused on cytotoxicity issues because of the generally (Gd3 +) chelating Compounds are usually used for this type of material work.
“In theory, there are three possible ways to reduce the adverse toxic effects of paramagnetic media: (i) the development of low-toxic Gd3+ salts or other paramagnetic media, (ii) the assembly of suspended organisms in a high magnetic field, and (Iii) Carry out magnetic levitation for biological assembly under microgravity conditions.” The author explained.
(A) A small ark filled with cartilage balls in a thermoreversible non-viscous hydrogel, a medium with paramagnetic gadobutrol and a fixative (formalin). (B) The main stage of the experiment performed on the ISS: the cuvette is activated by cooling to 15°C, the 3D tissue construct is magnetically manufactured at 37°C, and then fixed. (C) Transport the cuvette back to earth. (Photo credit: Vladislav A. Parfenov and Frederico DAS Pereira, Moscow Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Russia” 3D bioprintingsolution”.)
For this work, they used COMSOL software to create a non-toxic Gd3 +-chelate concentration to create a model of the necessary magnetic field, and successfully “fitted well” the biological assembly with its prepared calculation formula. Two stages are required during the experiment, including the configuration of the magnetic field (at the ambient temperature of the ISS), and then the study of the fusion of the tissue sphere as it gradually stabilizes into the actual 3D tissue.
(A) The magnet system installed in the magnetic bio-assembler. (B) The magnetic field generated by the magnet system. (C) Modeling of the construction and assembly process. (D) The modeled shape of the structure after assembly. (E) Kinetics of construct assembly as a function of gadobuterol concentration and temperature. (Picture from “Magnetic Levitation Biological Assembly of 3D Tissue Structure in Space”)
The authors explain: “According to the mathematical model, the integrity level of the fusion of the tissue sphere is higher than 50%. In some fragments, it reaches more than 90% of the possible compaction. With this in mind, we can assume that the prolonged biological The manufacturing time will enable the cartilage ball to completely fuse into a single 3D tissue structure.”
(A) Time-lapse photo of the internal structure assembly of the magnetic biological assembly machine in space. (B) Computer simulation of fusion of cartilage ball into 3D structure using “Surface Evolver” software. (C) The actual sequential steps of biological assembly in space; time-lapse video snapshot. (D) Macro photography of the assembled 3D structure returned to Earth. (E) Histology of 3D tissue construct assembled in space experiment[苏木精和曙红（HE）染色]And immunohistochemistry[增殖标志物Ki-67和凋亡标志物caspase-3（Casp-3）]. (Photo credit: Kenn Brakke, Susquehanna University, Sellins Grove, Pennsylvania, USA; Moscow Biotechnology Research, Russia” 3D bioprintingElizaveta Koudan of the Solutions Lab.)
China3D printingOnline reviews:When astronauts and astronauts are forced to sustain themselves, issues such as illness or injury must be considered, and because they can regenerate bones or other tissues without scaffolding, limbs or death can be avoided. Leading to the emergence of “space medicine”, this breakthrough may mean manned, long-term space travel will achieve greater success.
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