Jinan University: 3D printing and electrospinning to construct a bionic artificial intervertebral disc scaffold

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a serious hazard to human health
clinical
disease. Tissue engineering technology provides a promising method for repairing and regenerating the physiological function of damaged IVD. A successful tissue-engineered IVD scaffold should mimic the histology and macrostructure of the native IVD.Here, the researchers combine3D printingAnd electrospinning to construct an artificial IVD composite scaffold. Polylactide (PLA) is used to print IVD frame structure, directional porous poly(l-lactide)/eight-arm polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PLLA/POSS-(PLLA) 8) fiber bundle simulation fiber ring ( AF), gellan gum/poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (GG/PEGDA) double network hydrogel loaded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) simulates the structure of the nucleus pulposus (NP). Morphological and mechanical performance tests show that the structure and mechanical properties of IVD stents are similar to those of natural IVD stents. The compressive modulus of the scaffold is about 10MPa, which is comparable to natural IVD, and provides good mechanical support for tissue repair and regeneration. At the same time, the porosity and mechanical properties of the scaffold can be adjusted through the 3D model design. In the AF structure, the fiber bundles are oriented concentrically, and each subsequent layer is at 60° to the spine, which can withstand the tension generated during the deformation of the NP. In the NP structure, BMSCs are evenly distributed in the hydrogel and can maintain high cell viability. Animal experiment results show that the bionic artificial IVD scaffold can maintain the intervertebral disc space and generate new extracellular matrix.This engineered bionic IVD stent is a very promising
biology
Material, can be used for personalized IVD repair and regeneration.

Figure 1. Pass3D printingSchematic diagram of the process of preparing a biomimetic artificial IVD scaffold with electrospinning.

Figure 2. Model diagram and physical diagram of the PLA framework. Overall diagram of Model I (A) and Model II (B). Single-level detail drawings of Model I (C) and Model II (D). Photographs of PLA frames prepared according to Model I (E) and Model II (F).

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of various parameters in the calculation of the IVD height index.

Figure 4.3D printingThe shape of the IVD stent. (A) Macro side view of the stent and (B) Macro front view. (C) SEM image of NP partial hydrogel. (DG) SEM image of PLLA fiber. (HI) SEM image of the AF part of the fiber bundle.

Figure 5. (A) Breaking elongation and tensile modulus of different fiber bundles. (B) Compressive stress-strain curve and (C) modulus of artificial IVD of different structures. (D) Circular compression curve of model II-3/1.2 and II-2/1.2 artificial IVD stents.

Figure 6. Artificial IVD model, scaffold and related characterization results of SD rats. (A) Physical picture of rat tail vertebrae. (B)3D printingStereo microscope observation of rat tail disc. (C) Live/dead staining results of loaded cells in the dual network hydrogel. (D) μCT image of rat tail disc in animal experiment. (E) IVD height index statistical results. * Indicates that there is a significant difference in p value<0.05 compared with the discectomy group.

Figure 7. (AF) H&E staining and (GL) Alcian blue staining images of intervertebral disc slices in the discectomy group, reimplantation group and bioprinting group were observed under a polarizing microscope at 1 and 6 months after surgery.

Figure 8. (AB) Sirius red staining and (GL) Sirius red staining images of intervertebral disc slices in the discectomy group, reimplantation group and bioprinting group 1 month and 6 months after operation under a polarized microscope.

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Jinan University: 3D printing and electrospinning to construct a bionic artificial intervertebral disc scaffold

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